Difference between revisions of "Do the gleaning laws allow civil government to coerce individuals or businesses to give up wealth or other private property?/ja"
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#聖書の採集法は単に "廃棄物/古い食べ物 "についてのものではありません -- それは飢えた人々が誰かの土地の一部から完全に良い農産物を取ることを許可することについてです 律法で規定されている特定の条件の下で（例：申命記23:24-25）。聖書に定められている収穫の法則は，聖句で定義されているこれらの領域の外には適用されません。 | #聖書の採集法は単に "廃棄物/古い食べ物 "についてのものではありません -- それは飢えた人々が誰かの土地の一部から完全に良い農産物を取ることを許可することについてです 律法で規定されている特定の条件の下で（例：申命記23:24-25）。聖書に定められている収穫の法則は，聖句で定義されているこれらの領域の外には適用されません。 | ||
#*年限農作物 (レビ記19：9-10) | #*年限農作物 (レビ記19：9-10) | ||
| − | #* | + | #*七年目に休む農作物 (レビ記25:4-7) |
#Even the Biblical gleaning law was not "civilly-enforced" in the sense that there was a specified civil punishment for a landowner who harvested all of his bunches of grapes, or sheathes of grain. In fact, we know from history that Israel actually did violate this Biblical welfare law by refusing to fallow their land for many Sabbath years in a row. And this Biblical law violation was enforced by God himself (Lev. 26:43), when he exiled them from the land into Babylon.{{:Scriptblock|2 Chronicles 36:20-21}} <br/>On the other hand, there is a kind of "negative enforcement" of this law, because the civil government cannot be used to charge a gleaner with "trespassing" or "theft" either. The most a property owner can do is make the gleaner leave, and he cannot recover any small amount of food which was gleaned lawfully. | #Even the Biblical gleaning law was not "civilly-enforced" in the sense that there was a specified civil punishment for a landowner who harvested all of his bunches of grapes, or sheathes of grain. In fact, we know from history that Israel actually did violate this Biblical welfare law by refusing to fallow their land for many Sabbath years in a row. And this Biblical law violation was enforced by God himself (Lev. 26:43), when he exiled them from the land into Babylon.{{:Scriptblock|2 Chronicles 36:20-21}} <br/>On the other hand, there is a kind of "negative enforcement" of this law, because the civil government cannot be used to charge a gleaner with "trespassing" or "theft" either. The most a property owner can do is make the gleaner leave, and he cannot recover any small amount of food which was gleaned lawfully. | ||
# According to Biblical law, an animal that was found to have died "of itself" (without the blood being drained at death) was unclean for Israelites to eat (there wasn't necessarily anything unhealthy about it: the "uncleanness" was ceremonial). What did the law say to do with this "wastage"? {{:Scriptblock|Deut 14:21}} <br/>The owner of the dead animal could either give it to the sojourner at the gates (this is typically where people would beg for food) or sell it to a foreigner. Notice that this law does not specify any involvement by civil government. | # According to Biblical law, an animal that was found to have died "of itself" (without the blood being drained at death) was unclean for Israelites to eat (there wasn't necessarily anything unhealthy about it: the "uncleanness" was ceremonial). What did the law say to do with this "wastage"? {{:Scriptblock|Deut 14:21}} <br/>The owner of the dead animal could either give it to the sojourner at the gates (this is typically where people would beg for food) or sell it to a foreigner. Notice that this law does not specify any involvement by civil government. | ||
Revision as of 13:59, 7 November 2020
元の質問（勝手に広げてみました）は
聖書にある掃き溜め法は、市民政府にスーパーやレストランが貧乏人に廃棄物を与えることを強制する権限を与えているのでしょうか？
完全に良い食べ物を捨てるという考えは、聖書の時代の人々にとっては外国の概念だったでしょう。このように食べ物を無駄にする贅沢ができるのは、現代の繁栄（特定の国では）だけです。
自主的な慈善は聖書の重要なテーマです。しかし、この質問は、自発的な慈善についての質問ではありません。
外食産業（スーパーやレストランなど）のオーナーは、余ったものを捨てるのではなく、困っている人たちに提供することを考えるべきです。しかし、我々はまた、この寛大な行動に内在するコスト（とリスク）を認識しなければなりません。例えば、最後の休日のお祝いの夕食の残り物を提供するために（時間的にだけでも）どれだけのコストがかかるかを考えてみましょう。さて、それを一年分のレストランでのディナーに拡大してみましょう。
事業主にとってのリスクは、スーパーやレストランの管理下を通過した食品を食べた後に誰かが病気になった場合、責任を負うことになる。あなたがいくつかのホームレスの人にあなたの感謝祭の残り物を与え、彼らは食事の準備であなたの過失に起因する食中毒、彼らが契約したので、2週間後に訴訟で打たれた場合はどうなりますか？
聖書の法律では、民政府がこの寛大な行為をレストラン／スーパーマーケットのオーナーに強要することは認められていないのと同じように、民政府が自分の朝食／昼食／夕食の残り物を回収して貧しい人に分配することを強要することは認められていません。ここに3つの理由があります。
- 聖書の採集法は単に "廃棄物/古い食べ物 "についてのものではありません -- それは飢えた人々が誰かの土地の一部から完全に良い農産物を取ることを許可することについてです 律法で規定されている特定の条件の下で（例：申命記23:24-25）。聖書に定められている収穫の法則は，聖句で定義されているこれらの領域の外には適用されません。
- 年限農作物 (レビ記19：9-10)
- 七年目に休む農作物 (レビ記25:4-7)
- Even the Biblical gleaning law was not "civilly-enforced" in the sense that there was a specified civil punishment for a landowner who harvested all of his bunches of grapes, or sheathes of grain. In fact, we know from history that Israel actually did violate this Biblical welfare law by refusing to fallow their land for many Sabbath years in a row. And this Biblical law violation was enforced by God himself (Lev. 26:43), when he exiled them from the land into Babylon.20 He carried those who had escaped from the sword away to Babylon, and they were servants to him and his sons until the reign of the kingdom of Persia, 21 to fulfill YHWH’s word by Jeremiah’s mouth, until the land had enjoyed its Sabbaths. As long as it lay desolate, it kept Sabbath, to fulfill seventy years. 2 Chronicles 36:20-21WEB
On the other hand, there is a kind of "negative enforcement" of this law, because the civil government cannot be used to charge a gleaner with "trespassing" or "theft" either. The most a property owner can do is make the gleaner leave, and he cannot recover any small amount of food which was gleaned lawfully. - According to Biblical law, an animal that was found to have died "of itself" (without the blood being drained at death) was unclean for Israelites to eat (there wasn't necessarily anything unhealthy about it: the "uncleanness" was ceremonial). What did the law say to do with this "wastage"? 21 You shall not eat of anything that dies of itself. You may give it to the foreigner living among you who is within your gates, that he may eat it; or you may sell it to a foreigner; for you are a holy people to YHWH your God. You shall not boil a young goat in its mother’s milk. Deuteronomy 14:21WEB
The owner of the dead animal could either give it to the sojourner at the gates (this is typically where people would beg for food) or sell it to a foreigner. Notice that this law does not specify any involvement by civil government.
